Both, but mainly the latter. However, since I always shoot in colour it doesn’t matter because that gives me the option to switch to B&W if I think it is appropriate.
I feel compelled to again quote what @Joanna said in another topic
It seems to me that you are looking for an off the shelf solution to the question, “How do I take a good photo?” I don’t think such a thing exists. Taking a good photo is a skill that requires good judgement of composition and exposure. You only get skilled at something by doing lots of practise. Or in the words of a well known aphorism:
“Good judgment comes from experience; experience comes from bad judgment.”